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    • Frankly this next bit is about to get seriously complicated, so unless you're finding it all crystal clear so far, I'd skip it. If you don't read on, just remember the real lesson is ‘always compare like with like, thus AER with AER or Gross with Gross.'

      Both these rates are usually quoted before tax, but there are two main areas where the difference shows:

      • Monthly or Yearly Interest.

        If interest is paid annually then the Gross rate and AER should be the same, as there's no ‘interest compounding'.

        Yet when interest is paid monthly, then the Gross rate given is usually around 0.1% less than the AER rate. This is because if the monthly interest were left in the account, then there would be interest on the interest too. The AER makes sure that this is included.

        Eg, for an identical account, if interest is paid monthly it would be a 4.89% Gross rate, but if interest were paid annually it would be 5% Gross. Leave the money there over a year, though, and both would receive the same amount, as the AER for both is 5%.
      • Bonus Rates of Interest.

        The second confusion is the impact of bonus interest rates. If a bonus is being paid for six months, then the AER (which stands for Annual Equivalent Rate remember), would be less than the Gross rate for the first six months as it would need to incorporate the period pre- and post-bonus.

        However, if you're planning to shift accounts when the bonus rate ends, then the AER is irrelevant, as you only want to know the interest rate during the bonus period. So, in this case, you should switch rates and compare Gross (and take note of whether it's monthly or yearly interest!)

      See the Top Savings guide for more information.

      Watch out for flat interest rate loans

      Well, we slagged off APRs earlier, but there's a much worse measure out there. It's commonly used in the car loan market, but can occasionally be used for personal loans or in-store sales loans.

      If the three little letters A, P and R don't follow the rate of a personal or car loan… danger! APRs automatically mean the rate is charged on any outstanding debt. Borrow £5,000 over 5 years and by the last year you only pay interest on the amount remaining, say £1,000. At 6% APR the total interest is £800.

      With a flat rate the interest is charged on the original amount borrowed, no matter what's been repaid, so in the last year you still pay interest on the whole £5,000. With a 6% flat rate, the total interest is £1,500.

      Hence 6% sounds cheap but is roughly equivalent to a costly 12% APR, so if in doubt ask "what's the total I'll repay including all charges?”

      See the Cheap Loans guide for more information.


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